Vernier caliper (German Messschieber, English Caliper ) is probably the most popular measuring tool known to almost every one of us since childhood. Simplicity and ease of use made it really indispensable in production and at home. Today it is impossible to imagine a factory shop without a caliper lying near the machine.
The first calipers appeared at the beginning of the 17th century and were wooden, but their accuracy was not very high, industrialization required accurate measurements, and over time, at the end of the 18th century, metal calipers appeared in England, which also contained an auxiliary vernier scale, which dramatically increased the measurement accuracy. This device received the name "nonius" in honor of the Portuguese mathematician P. Nunes (1502-1578), who invented a device of a different design, but using the same principle. Calipers were first mass-produced in the United States by inventor Joseph Brown in 1850 at Brown and Sharpe; they were the first specific measurement tool that money could buy and available to the common worker. Brown and Sharpe has been making measuring tools for over 150 years now.
A variety of calipers equipped with a depth gauge is called "Columbus" or "Columbic" in professional slang. This name comes from "Columbus" - a manufacturer of measuring tools, such a caliper was massively supplied to the USSR under this brand.
Calipers, which are produced at this time, basically have the same design. Of course, in terms of quality and service life, it is an order of magnitude higher than those produced in the early middle of the 19th century. Today's calipers have become highly specialized for specific measurement tasks, enabling the manufacturing industry to more accurately measure parts that were previously either difficult or impossible to measure.
The most popular mechanical calipers ShTs-I, truly the most reliable and indispensable measuring tool. At present, calipers with indicators are popular. You can easily and quickly get the measurement result on a digital display, it is also possible to connect to a computer. Specialized calipers include
Pipe calipers ШЦЦТ - are used to measure the outer dimensions of concave or convex surfaces of parts, walls, pipes, etc.
Calipers for brake discs ШЦЦД – designed to measure the thickness of brake discs of vehicles. The length of the extension of the jaws of the caliper is up to 70 mm. An indispensable tool in the modern workshop. Quickly and accurately determine the thickness of the brake disc, which significantly reduces the decision-making time for its replacement.
Jewelry Calipers ШЦЦУ - allow you to measure the diameter of jewelry, stones, rings,
Download PDF document (10 Mb)